This section covers basic electronics tutorials in various electronics domains. If you are an absolute beginner, this section is the starting point to learn the basic electronics concepts. Once you are the done with understanding the basic concepts, head towards the electronics circuits section and try your hands on few circuits.
Maxwell equations are the fundamentals of Electromagnetic theory, which constitutes a set of four equations relating the electric and magnetic fields. Instead of listing out the mathematical representation of Maxwell equations, we will focus on what is the actual significance of those equations in this article. The Maxwell’s First and Second equation deals with static…
To explain in simple words a Transimpedance amplifier is a converter circuit which converts the input current to a proportional output voltage. As we know when current flows through a resistor it creates a voltage drop across the resistor which will be proportional to the value of current and the value resistor itself. Here, assuming the value of resistor to be ideally…
Inductors are widely used passive components in electronics after resistors and capacitors. An ideal inductor stores energy in a magnetic field and delivers a smooth output current to the load. But in a practical circuit, an inductor also contains some low value resistance associated with its inductance property. During the flow of DC supply or to be specific in 0 Hertz…
Aside from safety and reliability, several other goals including efficiency should be pursued in the design and implementation of electrical systems. One of the measures of efficiency in an electrical system is the efficiency with which the system transforms the energy it receives into useful work. This efficiency is indicated by a component of electrical systems known as…
The most used electronics components in any electronic design are Resistors (R), Capacitors (C), and the Inductors (L). Most of us are familiar with the basics of these three passive components and how to use them. Theoretically (under ideal conditions) a capacitor can be considered as a pure capacitor with only capacitive properties, but in practice a capacitor will…
Just like situations in which we need to regulate the voltage in our designs, there are scenarios where we need to regulate the current that’s being supplied to a particular part of our circuit. Unlike transforming (changing from one voltage level to another), which is usually one of the major reasons for voltage regulation, current regulation is usually about keeping the…
In the previous article, we discussed about Current Mirror Circuit and how it can be built using a Transistor and a MOSFET. Even though a basic current mirror circuit can be constructed using two simple active components, BJTs and MOSFETs or using an amplifier circuit, the output is not perfect, as well as it has certain limitations and dependencies on the external factors.…
The Current Mirror is a widely popular technique for monolithic IC design. In this technique, the circuit is designed in such a way that it copies the current through one active device to another active device with current control feature. In this, the current is flowing through one device can be copied into another device but in inverting form. If the current of the first…
Op-amp or Operational Amplifier is the backbone of Analog Electronics and out of many applications, such as Summing Amplifier, differential amplifier, Instrumentation Amplifier, Op-Amp can also be used as integrator which is a very useful circuit in analog related application.
In simple Op-Amp applications, the output is proportional to…
Before starting with Serial Communication Protocols, let’s break down the terminology into three parts. Communication is a very well-known terminology that involves the exchange of information between two or more mediums. In embedded systems, communication means the exchange of data between two microcontrollers in the form of bits. This exchange of data bits in a…
The capacitor is the most common component in electronics and is used in almost every electronics application. There are many types of capacitors available in the market for serving different purposes in any electronic circuit. They are available in many different values from 1 pico-Farad to 1 Farad capacitors and Supercapacitors. Capacitors also have different types of…
With growing popularity of microcontrollers engineers are using microcontrollers more than FPGAs. The Microcontrollers have become dominant over FPGA because of their cheap cost, good support, easy availability, large community, versatility, programming etc. But other than that microprocessors have some limitations such as the instructions set, sequential execution of…
