Researchers at the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bengaluru, have developed and tested a sodium-ion-powered battery capable of hitting 80% charge in a mere 6 minutes and retaining over 80% capacity even after 3,000 cycles. This development, based on a NASICON-type anode material, is a promising substitute for conventional lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles and energy storage devices.
The anode material used is Na₁.₀V₀.₂₅Al₀.₂₅Nb₁.₅(PO₄)₃, a NASICON-structured phosphate compound. A three-pronged approach was used to enhance electrochemical performance. The researchers applied various optimization techniques, such as nanosizing particles to reduce ion diffusion distance, carbon coating to increase surface conductivity, and aluminum doping to improve electrochemical and structural stability. The result is improved sodium-ion kinetics, allowing faster charge/discharge rates and reliable cycle durability. The battery is fit for use in hot environments with a lower risk of thermal runaway in comparison to Li-ion systems.
This serves as a signal towards energy independence for India, considering the country’s scarce lithium reserves and growing reliance on imports. In contrast, there is an abundance of locally available sodium, which offers a strategic advantage given its affordability and scalability.
The project is being carried out at JNCASR with support from the Department of Science and Technology (DST). The prototype went through electrochemical cycling and quantum-level simulations to validate stability, efficiency, and charge dynamics. Despite the pending commercial deployment, the work alone signifies a step towards an indigenous battery technology aligned with the Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India) initiative.
