Digital Electronics

Flip Flops are digital circuits (operates with 1 and 0) that are used to store information. You can think them like the advanced form of logic gates. In practcical they are a combination of logic gates used in a particular order to store information. Flip-flop by itself is a huge topic if you want to learn more you can try the following link 

https://circuitdigest.com/tags/flip-flop

Very informative link. 

Digital electronics,circuits are electronics that operate on digital signals. In contrast, analog circuits manipulate analog signals whose performance is more subject to manufacturing tolerance, signal attenuation and noise. Digital techniques are helpful because it is much easier to get an electronic device to switch into one of a number of known states than to accurately reproduce a continuous range of values.

Digital electronics circuit are usually made from large assemblies of logic gates, Digital circuits are made from analog components. The design must assure that the analog nature of the components doesn't dominate the desired digital behavior. Digital systems must manage noise and timing margins, parasitic inductances and capacitances, and filter power connections.

Bad designs have intermittent problems such as "glitches", vanishingly fast pulses that may trigger some logic but not others,runt pulses that do not reach valid "threshold" voltages, or unexpected combinations of logic states.

Since digital circuits are made from analog components, digital circuits calculate more slowly than low-precision analog circuits that use a similar amount of space and power. However, the digital circuit will calculate more repeatably, because of its high noise immunity. On the other hand, in the high-precision domain (for example, where 14 or more bits of precision are needed), analog circuits require much more power and area than digital equivalents.

Digital electronics digital outputs are generated from digital inputs. If the output of the logic circuit depends only on the present input values, we refer to the system as not having memory. Systems without memory are also known as circuits because they combine inputs to produce the output. Combinatorial circuits can be constructed with gates alone. If, on the other hand, the output of the logic circuit depends on present as well as past input values, we then refer to such a circuit as having memory, because such circuits remember past input values. 
The digital electronic systems like computers require data to be presented in a digital format or the data have to be digitally conditioned. If computers are used to control pressure, then the pressure has to be represented in the digital format.